实现能源可持续发展

应对可持续性能源系统带来的挑战 . 全球人口不断增长，对能源需求也在迅速增加。这些均向可持续性能源系统提出了四大挑战：能源供应的安全，价格的可承受性，气候保护，以及资源效率。要想成功应对以上四大挑战，必须要采取创新的方法。

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快捷键为了应对可持续发展的挑战，必须在能源转换的整个过程中采取有效的措施，包括发电过程中化石资源的使用、能源运输、能源消费等几个方面的改进措施。

了解更多石油与天然气在未来能源系统中所起的作用以及如何通过更高效的方式进行开采和运输。

了解更多未来能源系统的需求及实现的相关途径

了解如何使电网更加“智能”以确保可靠的电力供应，以及如何对其进行管理

能源和电力系统正在发生巨变。现在，普通家庭和个人将不再是单纯的能源消费者，同时也可能成为能源的生产者和销售者。

了解如何通过提升能效而为气候保护做出更大的贡献

我们为公共及私人领域提供可负担的绿色科技融资解决方案，用金融手段支持全球节能总目标。

目标要求苛刻制定有效的措施提高能源效率，始终是推动行业发展的核心力量, 已经在提供创新技术、改善化石资源和可再生资源利用、以及发电方面取得了重大进展。然而，这些还不足以达到未来所要求的目标。未来，能源系统产生的温室气体一定要比目前大幅减少。为了实现这一目标，必须应对随着可再生能源份额大幅增加带来的电网波动性的增加以及越来越多的日益分散的小规模发电设施。这项工作需要不同市场上的众多运营者从经营和技术这两个方面形成一股合力，从而打造出一个全新商业模式下运行的复杂的能源供应系统。因此，将来不仅需要对能源转换过程的各个环节和硬件实施改进，而且，数字化技术必将成为运营和管理稳定且可持续发展的能源系统、以及系统各组成部分的关键所在。花几分钟听听资深专家怎么说：

Amory Lovins，落基山研究所首席科学家

所有渴望了解全球能源市场当前趋势的人都可以听一听 Amory B. Lovins 说了些什么，听听他给出了怎样的建议。四十多年来，Lovins 或许是全球能源效率和清洁能源解决方案领域里的权威人士之一，他在这方面已经获得了极高的声誉。

“石油企业就像供电企业一样，要想在变化了的市场上赢得竞争，就必须想出与众不同的方法，来充分发挥企业资产和各项企业能力的作用，另外，有一件事的难度更大，这就是充分发挥企业文化价值观的作用，”Amory B. Lovins 最近在接受采访时这样说到。采访的地点就是他的靠近斯诺马斯的绿色山间小屋展示室。“这样的市场变化以企业无法想象的速度迅速地来临，远远超出了企业文化理念转变的速度。企业发现自身很难应对这样迅速的变化”，他补充到。

Amory Lovins访谈记录

Richard Lancaster，香港中华电力有限公司首席执行官

采访亚洲最大的供电企业之一香港中华电力有限公司的首席执行官Richard Lancaster，话题是“气候变化及现有能源技术能否从容应对这样的挑战”。

最理想的状态就是我们不产生碳排放。同时，拥有能够引导我们顺利完成转型的各种技术。对于这样的转型，很难立刻制定出一套非常完美的解决方案。这会需要很长的时间。

这就是为什么我们需要更多的天然气、更多的核电和更多的可再生能源，还有就是必须提高能源利用率。这些都是我们必须要做的”，Lancaster 说。

Richard Lancaster专访

市场正在变得更加多样化

管理能源系统从来都不是一件轻松的事情。但是，随着数字化带来的新机遇，管理可再生能源系统现在（和将来）变得越来越具有挑战性。同时，还将给更多的市场参与者带来更多机会，给企业带来利润。

丹麦 DTU 科技大学电力能源中心负责人 Jacob Østergaard 教授谈 IT 发展主要趋势和对市场参与者有哪些影响。

智能的数字化技术带来新的机遇

市场中的参与者越来越多，因此，产生的数据量也远远大于从前。例如，仅仅是一台大型的燃气轮机上就有数百个传感器，这些传感器每秒钟测量一次温度、压力、流道及气体组分的数据。而所有生产者、产销者和消费者必须通过一种智能化的方式实现相互连通，以便使未来的能源系统能稳定运行。为了实现这一点，除了抓住数字化带来的机遇以外没有其他更好的办法；所以，必须通过先进的分析方法来保证这些数据得到智能化的评估和利用。

信息图随着发电方式的不断增多和变化，此外配电、储能和用电技术等方面均都有了新的进展，能源系统正在变得越来越复杂。例如，众多小型可再生能源生产企业成为大型发电企业的常见补充。反过来，这也对通过“智能电网”管理电网接入的波动提出了要求。现在，让我们带领您全面了解整个能源系统的全貌，弄清能源行业内部的相互依存关系。

Energy Use

Saving energy and using it better

The cleanest energy is the energy that isn’t needed. There is a huge potential for energy conservation, especially in buildings, industry and transportation. Saving energy and using energy more efficiently are the two main factors involved in creating a sustainable energy supply for the future. This can be achieved by controlling energy consumption and integrating energy-saving products and solutions in buildings, industry and transportation.
Electric engines account for nearly two-thirds of the electric energy used in industry, for example for conveyor technology or pumps. With optimized solutions, the energy consumption of industrial drives can be lowered by up to 30 percent. Worldwide, about 40 percent of energy is consumed by buildings. Here too a lot can be achieved: through heat insulation and pumps, smart building technology, or efficient lighting.

40%
of the world's
energy is consumed
by buildings21%
of greenhouse gas
emissions come
from buildingsUp to 40%energy savings can be realized through
Intellingent Building Automation

Energy Storage

Integration of renewable energy sources

Today’s energy mix leads to fast-changing imbalances between generation and load, impacting grid stability and power quality. Battery storage can act as an energy consumer as well as producer. This combination helps to improve grid stability and enable greater integration of renewable energy sources. Thus the grid can utilize more available energy.

Alternative you can feed surplus power into an electrolyzer, which uses electricity to decompose water into hydrogen, and oxygen and generates heat. The obtained hydrogen can be stored and used to fuel a gas turbine and in several industrial processes.

Since the supply of power from wind is
irregular, power storage and converting
systems will be a necessity.

Battery StorageHydrogen Storage

Renewables

Infinite potential for sustainable energy

Wind, photovoltaik, small hydropower plants and biomass greatly contribute to meeting power demand and environmental awareness. Especially offshore wind power plants with an installed generating capacity in the triple-digit megawatt range are already in operation and deliver great amounts of electricity with a high degree of continuity. But a growing number of onshore wind farms are being sited in regions with moderate to low wind speeds. Therefore we offer a new generation of wind turbines, which extract the maximum energy yield from low to moderate wind velocities.

Also solar energy has a great potential and is an inexhaustible energy source. As a long-term, reliable source of energy, the sun provides a huge annual amount of energy. Thanks to the technological advance of recent years and the development of the photovoltaics market, PV systems are now ready for large-scale production of electricity. And if we would like to turn water into energy small hydropower plants have proven to be a sustainable source of energy as well.

For example Germany. “In 2030, there will be 44,100 wind turbines along
with 3,000,000 photovoltaik systems.”

Central Power Generation

High-efficiency power generation

If clouds block the sun or the wind dies, power fluctuations must be balanced out quickly. Gas-fired power plants that can be started up quickly are ideal for this. Combined with a steam turbine, the world´s most efficient combined heat and power plant (CHP) from Siemens can convert approx. 61,5 percent of the energy from natural gas into electricity. Thanks to its CHP concept the overall fuel efficiency increases to 85 percent.

Bringing out the best:

World records at the
Lausward Unit “Fortuna”,
Duesseldorf

Power output
603.8 MW(el)Plant net efficiency ~61.5 percentSteam extraction district
heating 300MW(th)

Financing

Intelligent financing solutions

When cities and buildings look for technologies to reduce their energy consumption, smart financing solutions are often needed to overcome the shortage of funds. When engineering and financing solutions come together, buildings can unlock huge energy saving potential – in consumption and in cost. A good example of this is Siemens' energy performance contracting for building technologies – a combination of consulting, modernization services and customized financing. With this, customers do not need to make any initial investment; they simply use the energy cost savings to pay the installments.

Worldwide, Siemens has modernized more than 5,200 buildings this way, with more than €1 billion in savings and more than ten millions tons of CO₂ reductions.

generateSavingsfinanceInvestmentsSelf-financing
cycle

Energy performance contracting:
a self-financing cycle

Microgrid

Intelligent electricity networks

In the future, not only large plants but also millions of small and medium-sized power producers will feed electricity into the grid. More and more former consumers of energy are becoming producers as well. This fact, and the fluctuating feed-ins of renewable energy, make intelligent power grids necessary for power distribution. With “Smart Grids” like these, Siemens helps to achieve the right balance between electricity production and demand - throughout the world, and here in Germany.

5 times as much power
produced as consumed

The village of
Wildpoldsried produces
5 times more power from
renewable sources than it
consumes.

Natural Gas

A major backbone for the world’s power supply

Natural gas accounts for around 25% of the global energy demand. The proven reserves climb new highs, based on deep sea exploration and unconventional resources. As the cleanest fossil energy resource natural gas will continue to increase its share of the global energy mix, growing at 1.8% per year until 2035. Gas trade is primarily carried out as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and by pipelines. Mission critical technology from Siemens makes the total process from production of gas via transportation to electrical power more safe and efficient.

Growing importance
of natural gas globally

Primary Energy (Share)Source: BP Energy Outlook 2016 (base case)

Power Transmission

Low-loss energy transmission

Should primarily be used where they occur in abundance: solar energy in sun-drenched areas and wind energy on the high seas. Therefore, long-distance networks must be further expanded, beyond national boundaries, using classic overhead lines, cables or gas-insulated lines. Besides classical high-voltage AC connections, high-efficiency power superhighways with high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) technology can be used for very long distances.

For example, in a HVDC Technology project in China, Siemens has shown that around 95 percent of the electricity makes it to the consumers, even over a distance of 1,400 kilometers and at a transmission capacity of 5,000 megawatts.

Delivering electricity right to where it is needed.

Power Distribution

Always well supplied

The requirements on power distribution and therefore on medium- and low-voltage grids are increasing continuously. Changing directions of power flow, load and voltage fluctuations, which are caused especially by the strongly growing number of power supplies from volatile power sources, e.g. photovoltaic/biogas plants and wind farms, make the distribution grids of today go to their capacity limits. The solution is an active distribution grid with intelligent transformer substations as key components. These contribute to an active load management in the distribution grid and enable an automatic and fast fault clearance in case of disturbances.

How to reduce mean down time from hours to seconds

Self-healing grid for Rotterdam harbor district Stedin, Netherlands

System restart in less
than a minute

Grid Control & Applications

Information technology is what we need to get the meter data and the consumption data into the system so that we can measure consumption and draw the necessary conclusions. Automation technology makes the meter data available for outage management and outage measurement in the grids. So this is where operations technology and information technology become one. The collected data is stored and analyzed, in the interests of stable and efficient power supply.

The enabling factor for all of Siemens’ cross-sectoral solutions is a smart grid that allows an intelligent energy management.

From Big Data to Smart Data

680,000,000
smart meters
are estimated to be installed globally leading to 280
petabytes of data a yearstorage capacity of
22,400,000
BluRay discs

Oil

Crude oil supply, the dominant primary energy source

Oil consumption is expected to grow and crude oil remains the dominant primary energy source for the next 20 years. Especially transport fuel is dominated by oil, its low relevance in electrical power generation will further decrease. Oil reserves are enough not at least thanks to exploration and production in deep sea regions and opening production from unconventional resources like oil sands. Furthermore, enhanced oil recovery technologies for mature fields enable to get more out of a field. Siemens innovative technology makes production, transportation and processing more efficient and environmentally compatible.

Global oil demand by sectormboe/d = million barrels of oil equivalent per day

Electricity generation
Resid./comm./Agriculture
Other industry
Petrochemicals
Transportation

Source: OPEC, World Oil Outlook 2015 (reference case)

智能技术为了确保高效、可靠的供电，西门子现在和将来将推出一系列的物理和数字化的产品、技术及解决方案，其中包括最先进的压缩机、透平、发电机、虚拟电厂、智能电网管理软件、以及创新的储能解决方案。西门子凭借自身的创新技术、产品和解决方案，帮助客户消除能源供求差距，实现智能发电、输电和配电。西门子和客户一起，分析客户对能源系统的具体要求，为客户定制解决方案，帮助客户应对整个能源转换过程中的各项挑战。西门子的全系列组合中包括最新技术和专业知识，可帮助客户实现高经济效益的、可靠的电力供应，克服资源短缺，保护气候。进入虚拟展厅，全面了解能源系统的蓝图。