Novel cloud-based substation control system for next-level reliability and resilience in electric power utilities (No 162)

Bruno de Oliveira e Sousa (1), Shyam Musunuri (2), Mika Loukkalahti (3), Joose Haapaniemi (4)

(1) Siemens Oy, Finland - (2) Siemens AG, Germany - (3) Helen Electricity Network Ltd., Finland - (4) Helen Oy, Finland

Vulnerability to cyberattacks grow significantly in critical infrastructure. What would happen if a cyberattack takes place in today’s DSO premises? What would an integrated IT/OT domain impact on the total reliability levels in already highly reliable DSO infrastructure? In order to tackle these challenges, DSOs and other critical utilities must fully and fearlessly embrace the IT/OT convergence. 

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Impact of changed reactive power flows on protection relays in the future distribution grid (No 711)

Stefan Eichner (1), Muhammad Arslan Arshad (1), Robin Grab (1), Andreas Jahr (2)

(1) Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, Germany - (2) Siemens AG, Germany

Distributed power systems will play an important role in covering the reactive power demand of the extra-high voltage grid.  In this paper, the effects of the changed reactive power flow on the grid protection concepts in a real distribution grid are being investigated.

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Cable connection bushing type C according to EN 50181 with Rogowski coil current sensor and capacitive voltage sensor according to IEC 61869-10 and IEC 61869-11 (No 744)

Bernd Schüpferling

Siemens AG, Germany

The energy transition, renewable energy infeed and increasing use of electromobility lead to volatile energy flows today’s medium-voltage distribution grids are not designed for. This makes grids reaching their technical limits more and more frequently, or even go beyond it.

To be able to monitor conformity with these limits, it has become increasingly necessary to measure the current flow and voltage stress in the medium-voltage switchgear of the primary and secondary distribution level with high accuracy.

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Load-break switch with vacuum interrupter (VI) in auxiliary-path (No 527)

Daniel Pesch, Martin Schaak, Stefan Hohmann, Kristian Ermeler, Dominik Becht

Siemens AG, Germany

This paper presents the structure and functionality of a load-break switch (LBS) with a “vacuum interrupter in the auxiliary-path”. It gives a closer insight to the advantages, opportunities, and challenges of such a device.

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Pressure vessels for SF₆-free medium voltage GIS (No 847)

Franka Stöhling, Philipp Kostaras

Siemens AG, Germany

The industrial sector of energy distribution and transmission is investing in the development of gas-insulated switchgear, which are operating without the insulating-gas SF₆. To safeguard the unique advantages of gas-insulated technology without further promoting fluorinated gases (F-gases), Siemens relies on natural origin gases (Clean Air) for insulation purpose in hermetically sealed vessels.

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Exploiting Ripple20 to compromise power grid cyber security and impact system operations (No 481)

Vetrivel Subramaniam Rajkumar (1), Alexandru Stefanov (1), Shyam Musunuri (2), Johan de Wit (3)

(1) Delft University of Technology, Netherlands - (2) Siemens, Germany - (3) Siemens, Netherlands

Driven by power grid digitalization, tighter coupling between the cyber and physical layers has introduced cyber security threats. This paper elucidates the emergence and possible consequences of recently identified Information Technology / Industrial Internet of Things vulnerabilities, i.e., Ripple20, and the threats it poses to power grid cyber security. 

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A journey towards future substations via an internet of things test environment (No 915)

Benedikt Römer (1), Bendic Ritt (2), Mirco Rudolph (1), Tim Herden (3)

(1) Siemens AG, Germany - (2) Stromnetz Hamburg GmbH, Germany - (3) Mendix – a Siemens Business, Germany

Subject of the article are the challenges and our solution to the exploration of internet of things (IoT) applications and business models for the operation and maintenance of future substations. 

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Coordinated electric vehicle charging – performance analysis of developed algorithms (No 726)

Daniel-Leon Schultis (1), Alfred Einfalt (2), Paul Zehetbauer (3), Daniel Herbst (4)

(1) TU Wien, Austria - (2) Siemens AG Österreich, Austria - (3) Austrian Institute Of Technology, Austria - (4) Graz University of Technology, Austria

The electric vehicle charging may provoke overloading of the distribution transformer (DTR) and line segments in the LV level. Congestion management by coordinated EV charging becomes an alternative to the conventional and cost intensive grid reinforcement. A conceivable approach is to send control signals to EVCS that allow for charging with either maximal or minimal power. 

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Demand factor identification of electric vehicle charging points for distribution system planning (470)

Shawki Ali (1), Patrick Wintzek (1), Markus Zdrallek (1), Carsten Böse (2), Julian Monscheidt (3), Ben Gemsjäger (3), Adam Slupinski (3)

(1) University of Wuppertal, Germany - (2) Erlanger Stadtwerke AG, Germany - (3) Siemens AG, Germany

A main greenhouse gas emission contributor is the transportation sector. Hence, comes the urgent necessity for its electrification. As the biggest ratio of the transportation is privately owned and operated, its electrification represents one of the biggest challenges for Distribution System Operators (DSOs). The paper provides the basis for the integration of charging infrastructure for electric vehicles in the future planning of urban Distribution Power Systems (DPSs). 

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Relevant operating points for future grid planning of urban low-voltage grids (No 472)

Patrick Wintzek (1), Shawki Ali (1), Markus Zdrallek (1), Fritz Brinkmann (2), Julian Monscheidt (3), Ben Gemsjäger (3), Adam Slupinski (3)

(1) University of Wuppertal, Germany - (2) enercity Netz GmbH, Germany - (3) Siemens AG, Germany

For low-voltage grids (LV grids), an increased integration of photovoltaic systems (PVS) for urban LV grids on the generation side and an increase of private and public charging points (CPs) for electric vehicles and electric heat pumps (HPs) on the load side can be assumed. This paper analyzes the influence of the separated and combined consideration of the operating points (OPs) "high feed-in" and "high load" with respect to resulting grid violations (over and under voltage and equipment overloads) due to new grid users on the future urban grid planning. 

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